![]() Cardiovasc Res 23:1058–1061īrockbank KG, Dawson PE (1993) Cytotoxicity of amhotericin B for fibroblasts in human heart valve leaflets. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 111:367–380Īgvirregoicoa V, Kearney JN, Davies GA, Gowland G (1989) Effects of antifungals on viability of heart valve cusp derived fibroblasts. Ann Thorac Surg 60:5433–5438Īcar C, Tolan M, Berrebi A et al (1996) Homograft replacement of the mitral valve selection, technique of implantation and results in 43 patients. Chest 67:706–710ĭeac RF, Simionescu D, Deac D (1995) New evolution in mitral physiology and surgery: mitral stentless pericardial valve. Zerbini EJ (1975) Results of replacement of cardiac valves by homologous dura mater valves. ![]() Ionescu MI, Ross DN, Deac R et al (1970) Autologous fascia lata for heart valve replacement. Mary DA, Pakrashi BC, Catchpole DW, Ionescu MI (1975) Tissue valves in the mitral position: 5 years experience. Thoraxchirurgie Vaskulare Chirurgie 19:379–383 Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 5:177–191Ĭarpentier A (1971) The concept of biorposthesis. Acta Chirurgia Scand 374:1–87ījork VO, Holmgren A, Olin C, Ovenfors CO (1971) Clinical and haemodynamic results of aortic valve replacement with Bjork-Shiley tilting disc valve prosthesis. Starr A, Herr RH, Wood JA (1965) The present status of valve replacement. Ross DN (1962) Homograft replacement of the aortic valve. In the early days of heart valve banking, most hospitals processed their own valves but in the twenty-first century most banking is performed by centralized units which may be companies, national blood services or banks that are a collaborative between hospitals. Consideration also needs to be made as to whether matching of valves improves results. The main research topics of interest in the development of heart valve banking today concern ensuring that the mechanical properties of the valves are maintained, whether it is advantageous to decellularize the valves as this lowers immune response and if vitrification could be a storage method for the future as this could alleviate the need for low temperature during transportation. Cardiac valves are normally tested for microbiological contamination at least twice during their processing. Heart valve banks have a list of criteria that valves must meet with relation to age of donor, atheroma, fenestrations and absence of virological markers. Cardiac valves have been disinfected using chemical agents, radiation and in present times by antibiotics and stored freeze dried or in solution at +4 ℃, solid carbon dioxide and nowadays in the vapour phase of liquid nitrogen refrigerators. On-call service available at all other times via Royal Brompton switchboard.Human heart valves have been used in transplant surgery for nearly sixty years and banking of valves has been performed for the majority of this time. Heart valve bank manager telephone: 020 7351 8783 Royal Brompton Hospital, Level 1, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP The pulmonary valve will include the bifurcation of the trunk into the left and right pulmonary arteries. The dissected aortic valve will ideally include the ascending aorta up to the first branch. If the cause of death is cardiac related, the heart valve bank can arrange for a histopathology examination to be performed on the heart following dissection and a report sent to the referring doctor and / or coroner If relatives wish to discuss the donation of heart valves or other tissues, at the time of death of a loved one then please contact the regional team of specialist nurses for organ donation (SN-ODs), for further information. The heart valve bank is licensed by the Human Tissue Authority (HTA) to procure, process, test, store and distribute tissue under the Human Tissue Act 2004 and the Human Tissue (Quality & Safety for Human Application) Regulations 2007. In addition to supplying valves for cases in this Trust, the department also supplies many of the other cardiac centres in the UK. They can remain frozen in the freezer for up to five years. Following microbiology testing, the valves are cryopreserved and stored at very low temperatures until required by the surgeon. ![]() The department routinely dissects the aortic and pulmonary valves from the hearts and then disinfects them using antibiotics. This can be from the donor directly in cases where the heart is taken at the time of a heart transplant from a living donor, or from relatives in the case of a deceased donor. The valves are donated from suitable donors only after obtaining consent. ![]() The heart valve bank procures human heart valves from suitable donors for use in valve replacement or valve reconstruction surgery. ![]()
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